Journal
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 524-532Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz121
Keywords
metabotyping; personalized nutrition; precision nutrition; targeted nutrition; cardiometabolic diseases; gut microbiota; metabolomics
Categories
Funding
- European Joint Programming Initiative A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life [2017-02003]
- MINECO (the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) [PCIN-2017-076, FJCI-2015-26590]
- Generalitat de Catalunya's Agency AGAUR (Agency for Management of University and Research Grants) [2017SGR1546]
- CIBERFES (Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable) from the ISCIII (Institute of Health Carlos III)
- Miguel Servet program from the ISCIII [CP15/00100]
- European Social Fund, ICREA (The Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies) Academia 2018
- FEDER (The European Regional Development Fund) Program from the European Union
- FORMAS project Optimal diet guided by metabotype for health wellbeing [2016-00314]
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Diet is an important, modifiable lifestyle factor of cardiometabolic disease risk, and an improved diet can delay or even prevent the onset of disease. Recent evidence suggests that individuals could benefit from diets adapted to their genotype and phenotype: that is, personalized nutrition. A novel strategy is to tailor diets for groups of individuals according to their metabolic phenotypes (metabotypes). Randomized controlled trials evaluating metabotype-specific responses and nonresponses are urgently needed to bridge the current gap of knowledge with regard to the efficacy of personalized strategies in nutrition. In this Perspective, we discuss the concept of metabotyping, review the current literature on metabotyping in the context of cardiometabolic disease prevention, and suggest potential strategies for metabotype-based nutritional advice for future work. We also discuss potential determinants of metabotypes, including gut microbiota, and highlight the use of metabolomics to define effective markers for cardiometabolic disease-related metabotypes. Moreover, we hypothesize that people at high risk for cardiometabolic diseases have distinct metabotypes and that individuals grouped into specific metabotypes may respond differently to the same diet, which is being tested in a project of the Joint Programming Initiative: A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life.
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