Journal
MATERIALS
Volume 12, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ma12233884
Keywords
titanium alloys; isothermal diffusion; intermetallic compounds; microvoids; surface performance
Categories
Funding
- Key projects of Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation [2019JZ-27]
- Shaanxi Natural Science Basic Research Program-Shaanxi Coal [2019JLM-47]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities CHD [300102319304]
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The poor surface performance of titanium alloys substantially limits their application in many fields, such as the petrochemical industry. To overcome this weakness, the Cu and Ni double layers were deposited on the surface of TC4 alloy by the electroplating method, and the isothermal diffusion process was performed at 700 degrees C to enhance the binding ability between Cu and Ni layers. The isothermal diffusion behavior and microstructure of the coating were systematically analyzed, and tribological property and corrosion resistance of the coating were also evaluated to reveal the influence of isothermal diffusion on the surface performance. It was shown that multiple diffusion layers appeared on the Cu/Ni and Ni/Ti interface, and that NixTiy and CuxTiy phases were formed in the coating with the increase of diffusion time. More importantly, Kirkendall diffusion occurred when the diffusion time increased, which led to the formation of continuous microvoids and cracks in the diffusion layer, weakening the surface performance of the Cu/Ni coatings. This paper unveils the relationship between the microstructure of the Cu/Ni coatings and isothermal diffusion behavior, providing guidelines in preparing high performance surface coatings.
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