Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11483-4
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Funding
- Austrian Academy of Sciences (OAW)
- Fulbright-Austria Marshall Plan student grant
- Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF)
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P29754]
- European Research Council (ERC) [639478-AuxinER]
- Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft fellowship [LI 2776/1-1]
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (National Program for Sustainability I) [LO1204]
- Programa de Atraccion de Talento [2017-T1/BIO-5654]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P29754] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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Directional organ growth allows the plant root system to strategically cover its surroundings. Intercellular auxin transport is aligned with the gravity vector in the primary root tips, facilitating downward organ bending at the lower root flank. Here we show that cytokinin signaling functions as a lateral root specific anti-gravitropic component, promoting the radial distribution of the root system. We performed a genome-wide association study and reveal that signal peptide processing of Cytokinin Oxidase 2 (CKX2) affects its enzymatic activity and, thereby, determines the degradation of cytokinins in natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. Cytokinin signaling interferes with growth at the upper lateral root flank and thereby prevents downward bending. Our interdisciplinary approach proposes that two phytohormonal cues at opposite organ flanks counterbalance each other's negative impact on growth, suppressing organ growth towards gravity and allow for radial expansion of the root system.
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