Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13185-3
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31972403, 31801851, 31772304]
- Science and Technology Program of Guangdong [2018B020202007, 2015B020231004]
- Guangdong special project youth topnotch talent project [2016TQ03N529]
- China National Key Research and Development Program for Crop Breeding [2016YFD0100307]
- National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars [31322047]
- National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2018A030313495]
- Pearl River S and T Nova Program of Guangzhou [201806010030]
- National Youth Top-notch Talent Support Program in China
- Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)
- Taishan Scholar Foundation of the People's Government of Shandong Province
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The botanical family Cucurbitaceae includes a variety of fruit crops with global or local economic importance. How their genomes evolve and the genetic basis of diversity remain largely unexplored. In this study, we sequence the genome of the wax gourd (Benincasa hispida), which bears giant fruit up to 80 cm in length and weighing over 20 kg. Comparative analyses of six cucurbit genomes reveal that the wax gourd genome represents the most ancestral karyotype, with the predicted ancestral genome having 15 proto-chromosomes. We also resequence 146 lines of diverse germplasm and build a variation map consisting of 16 million variations. Combining population genetics and linkage mapping, we identify a number of regions/genes potentially selected during domestication and improvement, some of which likely contribute to the large fruit size in wax gourds. Our analyses of these data help to understand genome evolution and function in cucurbits.
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