Journal
WORLD MYCOTOXIN JOURNAL
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 67-82Publisher
WAGENINGEN ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2019.2485
Keywords
aflatoxins; mycotoxins; Iran; food contamination
Categories
Funding
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences & Health Services [9511466003]
- Project of Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Serbia [III45005]
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Aflatoxin M-1 is a derivate of aflatoxin B-1 and an important contaminant of milk and dairy products. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on relevant Persian and English original articles in national and international databases with no time limits until 1 January 2018. In total 605 articles were found among which 70 articles met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. The prevalence (95% confidence interval (CI)) and mean concentration (95% CI) of aflatoxin M-1 was found to be 64% (53-75%) and 39.7 ng/l (31.9-47.4 ng/l) in raw milk, 95% (89-98%) and 62.3 ng/l (40.6-84 ng/l) in pasteurised milk, 71% (56-84%) and 60.1 ng/l (30.9-89.3 ng/l) in sterilised milk, 59% (20-93%) and 5.5 ng/l (3.3-7.7 ng/l) in breast milk and 72% (61-81%) and 82.3 ng/kg (63.7-100.9 ng/kg) in dairy products. In general, 9% (4-16%) of milks and 10% (4-17%) of dairy products had aflatoxin M-1 in concentrations exceeding the permitted level of Iranian standards (500 ng/l). Based on the maximum permitted aflatoxin M-1 concentration in standards of Europe (50 ng/l), these percentages increase to 25% (18-32%) for milks and 18% (9-29%) for dairy products. According to the results, further control and preventive measures should be applied on livestock feeds because decreased aflatoxin B-1 contamination at this level results in decreased aflatoxin M-1 in milk and dairy products.
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