Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 712, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135214
Keywords
Arabian sea; Marine aerosol; Chemical composition; Anthropogenic; Sources
Categories
Funding
- Indian Space Research Organisation-Geosphere Biosphere Programme, Indian national programme on Integrated Campaign on Aerosols gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB)
- ISRO Research fellowship
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Chemical characterisation of atmospheric aerosols over Arabian Sea (AS) and Indian Ocean (10) have been carried out during the winter period (January to February 2018) as part of the Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB-2018). Mass concentrations of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water soluble and insoluble OC (WSOC, WIOC), primary and secondary OC (POC, SOC), water-soluble inorganic ions and trace metals have been estimated with a view to identify and quantify the major anthropogenic pollutants affecting the oceanic environments. Aerosol mass loading was found to exhibit strong spatial heterogeneity (varying from 13 to 84 mu g m(-3)), significantly modulated by the origin of air-mass trajectories. Chemical analysis of aerosols revealed the presence of an intense pollution plume over south-eastern coastal Arabian Sea, near to south-west Indian peninsula (extending from similar to 12 N to 0 degrees at 75 degrees E) with a strong latitudinal gradient (similar to 3 mu g m(-3)/deg. from north to south) dominated by anthropogenic species contributing as high as 73% (38% nss-SO42, 24.2% carbonaceous aerosols (21% Organic Matter, 3.2% EC) and 10% NH4+). Anthropogenic signature over oceanic environment was also evident from the dominance and high enrichment of elements like Zn, Cu, Mn and Pb in trace metals. Long-range transport of air-masses originating from Indo Gangetic Plains and its outflow regions in Bay of Bengal, has been seen over Arabian Sea during winter, that imparted such strong anthropogenic signatures over this oceanic environment. Comparison with previous cruise studies conducted nearly two decades ago shows a more than two-fold increase in the concentration of nss-SO42, over the continental outflow region in Arabian Sea. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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