Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 366, Issue 6463, Pages 382-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aau6103
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Funding
- EPSRC [EP/N011759/1, EP/P009565/1]
- ERC (QBox)
- QuantERA (NAQUAS, EPSRC) [EP/R043396/1]
- AFOSR
- ARO
- Trinity College, Cambridge
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- E.U. Marie-Curie program [MSCA-IF-2015 704832]
- Churchill College, Cambridge
- Royal Society
- JSPS KAKENHI [JP16J01683, 17K05548]
- MEXT KAKENHI [16H00807]
- EPSRC [EP/R043396/1, EP/N011759/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/P009565/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17K05548, 16H00807] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Scale-invariant fluxes are the defining property of turbulent cascades, but their direct measurement is a challenging experimental problem. Here we perform such a measurement for a direct energy cascade in a turbulent quantum gas. Using a time-periodic force, we inject energy at a large length scale and generate a cascade in a uniformly trapped three-dimensional Bose gas. The adjustable trap depth provides a high-momentum cutoff k(D), which realizes a synthetic dissipation scale. This gives us direct access to the particle flux across a momentum shell of radius k(D), and the tunability of k(D) allows for a clear demonstration of the zeroth law of turbulence. Moreover, our time-resolved measurements give unique access to the pre-steady-state dynamics, when the cascade front propagates in momentum space.
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