Journal
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
Volume 143, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.104344
Keywords
Fluorene-based benzoxazine; Curing behavior; Curing kinetics; Thermal properties
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51773048]
- Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province [E2017022]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HEUCFP201724]
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In this paper, a new series of novel aromatic multi-functional fluorene-based benzoxazine monomers (AMFB) were synthesized from the reaction of 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)-2,7-dihydroxy-fluorene, aniline, paraformaldehyde, and unsubstituted or substituted phenol including phenol, p-(tert-octyl)phenol, and nonylphenol, by two-stage Mannich condensation reactions. The structures of intermediates and the final benzoxazine monomers were identified via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Hydrogen and Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance ((HNMR)-H-1 and (CNMR)-C-13) analyses. The rheology, polymerization behaviour, curing kinetics, and thermal stability of the obtained novel benzoxazines thermosets were measured by using rheometer, differential scanning Calorimetry (DSC), FTIR, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The o-nonyl phenol containing fluorene-based benzoxazine monomer (t-BF-a-n) showed the best processability with the lowest curing energy values. Moreover, the prepared polybenzoxazine thermosets showed excellent thermal stabilities and with higher glass transition temperature (258-333 degrees C) than the traditional difunctional fluorene-based benzoxazine resins.
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