4.3 Article

Feeding modes, duration, and diarrhea in infancy: Continued evidence of the protective effects of breastfeeding

Journal

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
Volume 37, Issue 2, Pages 155-160

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/phn.12683

Keywords

breastfeeding; breastfeeding duration; diarrhea; exclusive breastfeeding; formula feeding; infant feeding; infectious diseases; optimal breastfeeding

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Objectives To evaluate the effect of early breastfeeding cessation on incidence of diarrhea in a cohort of U.S. infants. Design, Sample, and Measurements A secondary data analysis was conducted using data from 2,340 mother-infant dyads participating in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II. We examined associations between duration of feeding type (e.g., exclusive breastfeeding [EBF], any breastfeeding [BF], formula feeding) and incidence of diarrhea before one year. Results The sample included mother-infant dyads that were 86.2% White, 3% Black, and 5% Hispanic. Interruption of EBF before 3 months was significantly associated with higher odds of having diarrhea at 6 months (OR = 1.80, p value <= 0.01) and between 6 and 12 months (OR = 1.45, p <= .01). Breastfeeding interruption before 6 months was associated with higher odds of having diarrhea at 6 months (OR = 3.19, p <= .01). Formula feeding for >= 3 months was associated with higher odds of diarrhea between 6 and 12 months. Conclusions Exclusive breastfeeding for 3 months accompanied by any breastfeeding for 6 months provided the most protective effect against diarrhea. Public health interventions should address disparities in breastfeeding practices and provide support across clinical, workplace and community settings. Research should include more diverse population groups.

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