Journal
PROTEOMICS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900077
Keywords
biomarkers; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; diagnosis; extracellular vesicles; label free quantitation; lung cancer; quantitative proteomics
Funding
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia
- FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme
- FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [PTDC/BTM-TEC/30087/2017, PTDC/BTM-TEC/30088/2017]
- Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [iNOVA4Health - UID/Multi/04462/2013]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/BTM-TEC/30088/2017, PTDC/BTM-TEC/30087/2017] Funding Source: FCT
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Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is a lung fluid. BALF is extracted from the lungs by a bronchoscope. The first step is to instill saline liquid into the lungs followed by extraction. The extracted liquid is depleted from cells by low spin centrifugation. The biochemical content of BALF is mainly composed of phospholipids and proteins and to less extent nucleic acids (DNA, miRNA, mRNA). The proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and lipids mirror the pathophysiological state of the patient and are consequently regarded as a rich source of biomarkers with already some examples of established clinical applications. Recently, in Proteomics Clin. Appl. 2019, 13, 1900028, Sim et al. established a novel MS-based proteomics protocol for BALF lung cancer sample analysis by combining antibody-based depletion of high abundant BALF proteins, high pH peptide fractionation, and label free quantitation on a high resolution Orbitrap Fusion instrument. They demonstrate an improvement in BALF sample coverage compared with some previous published methodologies. Notably, the result from the study supports the hypothesis that BALF more than serum reflects the lung cancer proteome and for this reason is a promising source for lung cancer biomarkers.
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