Journal
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
Volume 356, Issue -, Pages 439-442Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.08.025
Keywords
Volume fraction; X-ray radiography; Beam hardening
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Cluster of Excellence Engineering of Advanced Materials [ERC315]
- German Aerospace (DLR) [50WM 1653]
- ZISC
- FPS
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When investigating dynamical processes in granular systems, it is frequently necessary to measure the time-resolved local material density. Recently, x-ray radiography facilities became available in many laboratories and can be used to measure the volume fraction via the attenuation of x-ray radiation along the beam direction. Naive application of the Beer-Lambert law yields, however, unacceptably large systematic errors due to beam hardening. We present a calibration protocol which allows to reliably measure the local volume fraction based exclusively on reference measurement of known packing fraction. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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