Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 215, Issue -, Pages 239-246Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.009
Keywords
Biomass and bioenergy; Torrefaction kinetics; Forest residues; Product distribution; Elemental composition; Thermogravimetric analysis
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC [MOST 102-2221-E-006-288-MY3, MOST 105-2811-E-006-003]
- Research Council of Norway through the CenBio research center
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In this work, a direct prediction method coupled with a consecutive reaction model is developed to estimate the biochar yield and elemental composition in a biomass torrefaction process. Norway forest residues were chosen as feedstock and torrefied at different temperatures under nitrogen atmosphere in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Obtained data were modeled to predict the mass loss during torrefaction. Distributions of initial, intermediate and final solid products as well as torrefaction kinetic parameters are reported. Thereafter, a direct method to predict the elemental composition of biochar is introduced. The results show that the decomposition of initial biomass to form an intermediate solid has higher conversion rate than the degradation of the intermediate. Moreover, the predictions reproduce well the experimental thermogravimetric curves and show composition trends similar to the literature data. This method is useful for the design and optimization of industrial torrefaction processes with predictable biochar yield and elemental composition. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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