4.7 Review

The role of DNA-demethylating agents in cancer therapy

Journal

PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
Volume 205, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107416

Keywords

DNA methylation; Cancer; DNA methyltransferase inhibitors; Combination therapy; Epigenetic therapy; Novel DNMTi

Funding

  1. Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) [201512MSH-360794-228629]
  2. Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation
  3. CIHR Foundation [FDN 148430]
  4. NSERC [489073]
  5. Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (OICR)
  6. province of Ontario
  7. Princess Margaret Postdoctoral fellowship-Hold'em for life
  8. Cancer Research Chair

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DNA methylation patterns are frequently altered in cancer cells as compared to normal cells. A large body of research associates these DNA methylation aberrations with cancer initiation and progression. Moreover, cancer cells seem to depend upon these aberrant DNA methylation profiles to thrive. Finally, DNA methylation modifications are reversible, highlighting the potential to target the global methylation patterns for cancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss the scientific and clinical aspects of DNA methylation in cancer. We will review the limited success of targeting DNA methylation in the clinic, the associated clinical challenges, the impact of novel DNA methylation inhibitors and how combination therapies are improving patient outcomes. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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