Journal
NEUROIMAGE
Volume 207, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116370
Keywords
Individualized prediction; Reading comprehension; Task state; Functional connectivity; Cognitive demand
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC0112000]
- China Natural Science Foundation [61773380]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB32040100]
- Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology Plan of Beijing City [Z181100001518005]
- National Institutes of Health [R01EB020407, 1R01EB005846, 1R56MH117107, 1R01MH094524, P20GM103472, P30GM122734]
- National Science Foundation [1539067]
- 16 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Institutes and Centers
- McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience at Washington University
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Although both resting and task-induced functional connectivity (FC) have been used to characterize the human brain and cognitive abilities, the potential of task-induced FCs in individualized prediction for out-of-scanner cognitive traits remains largely unexplored. A recent study Greene et al. (2018) predicted the fluid intelligence scores using FCs derived from rest and multiple task conditions, suggesting that task-induced brain state manipulation improved prediction of individual traits. Here, using a large dataset incorporating fMRI data from rest and 7 distinct task conditions, we replicated the original study by employing a different machine learning approach, and applying the method to predict two reading comprehension-related cognitive measures. Consistent with their findings, we found that task-based machine learning models often outperformed rest-based models. We also observed that combining multi-task fMRI improved prediction performance, yet, integrating the more fMRI conditions can not necessarily ensure better predictions. Compared with rest, the predictive FCs derived from language and working memory tasks were highlighted with more predictive power in predominantly default mode and frontoparietal networks. Moreover, prediction models demonstrated high stability to be generalizable across distinct cognitive states. Together, this replication study highlights the benefit of using task-based FCs to reveal brain-behavior relationships, which may confer more predictive power and promote the detection of individual differences of connectivity patterns underlying relevant cognitive traits, providing strong evidence for the validity and robustness of the original findings.
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