Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 214, Issue -, Pages 132-137Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.084
Keywords
Ball milling; Enzymatic saccharification; Microscopy; Pretreatment; Softwood
Funding
- Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment via Scion Core
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In this work, substrates prepared from thermo-mechanical treatment of Pinus radiata chips were vibratory ball milled for different times. In subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis, percent glucan conversion passed through a maximum value at a milling time of around 120 min and then declined. Scanning electron microscopy revealed breakage of fibers to porous fragments in which lamellae and fibrils were exposed during ball milling. Over-milling caused compression of the porous fragments to compact globular particles with a granular texture, decreasing accessibility to enzymes. Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy showed partial loss of interior cellulose in crystallites, leveling off once fiber breakage was complete. A mathematical model based on observed micromorphological changes supports ball milling mechanism. At a low enzyme loading of 2 FPU/g of substrate and milling time of 120 min gave a total monomeric sugar yield of 306 g/kg of pulp which is higher than conventional pretreatment method such as steam exploded wood. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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