Journal
NATURE
Volume 574, Issue 7780, Pages 643-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1686-1
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Funding
- J. Lester Crain Chair of Physics at Rhodes College
- Royal Society
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-1814233, 1813299, 1813365, 1814159, 1813702, SOF-06-0191]
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- National Institutes of Natural Sciences (Japan)
- National Research Council (Canada)
- Ministry of Science and Technology and Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Taiwan)
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea)
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
- NSF
- Smithsonian Institution
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- US Department of Energy, NASA
- Japanese Monbukagakusho
- Max Planck Society
- Higher Education Funding Council for England
- American Museum of Natural History
- Astrophysical Institute Potsdam
- University of Basel
- University of Cambridge
- Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago
- Drexel University
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Japan Participation Group
- Johns Hopkins University
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
- Korean Scientist Group
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST)
- Los Alamos National Laboratory
- Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA)
- Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University
- Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth
- Princeton University
- United States Naval Observatory
- University of Washington
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences [1813299] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences [1813365, 1813702, 1814159] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Ninety per cent of baryons are located outside galaxies, either in the circumgalactic or intergalactic medium(1,2). Theory points to galactic winds as the primary source of the enriched and massive circumgalactic medium(3-6). Winds from compact starbursts have been observed to flow to distances somewhat greater than ten kiloparsecs(7-10), but the circumgalactic medium typically extends beyond a hundred kiloparsecs(3,4). Here we report optical integral field observations of the massive but compact galaxy SDSS J211824.06+001729.4. The oxygen [O ii] lines at wavelengths of 3726 and 3729 angstroms reveal an ionized outflow spanning 80 by 100 square kiloparsecs, depositing metal-enriched gas at 10,000 kelvin through an hourglass-shaped nebula that resembles an evacuated and limb-brightened bipolar bubble. We also observe neutral gas phases at temperatures of less than 10,000 kelvin reaching distances of 20 kiloparsecs and velocities of around 1,500 kilometres per second. This multi-phase outflow is probably driven by bursts of star formation, consistent with theory(11,12).
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