Declined placental PLAC1 expression is involved in preeclampsia

Background: This study aimed to clarify the change of the expression of placenta-specific 1 (PLAC1) in the placenta of preeclamptic women and to explore the regulatory effects on thophoblast by PLAC1. Methods: Nineteen women with preeclampsia and 19 with normal pregnancies were recruited, and then we determined the expression of PLAC1 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting. To observe the effect of hypoxia on the expression of PLAC1, trophoblasts were cultured at the normoxia or hypoxia condition. Small interference of ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was used to silence PLAC1. The proliferation, migration and invasion of trophoblasts were evaluated with cell counting kit-8 and transwell analysis, and the apoptosis of trophoblast was evaluated by flow cytometry with FITC and PI staining. Results: Placental PLAC1 expression was significantly decreased in severe preeclampsia compared with control (P<.001). The expression of PLAC1 in trophoblasts was significantly decreased after treated with low oxygen concentration (P=.018). PLAC1 siRNA significantly inhibited the proliferation (P<.001), the migration (P<.001) and invasion (P<.001) of trophoblasts, but increased the apoptosis (P=.004 for Swan-71; P=.031 for Jar). Conclusions: The expression of PLAC1 was declined in preeclampsia and this inhibited the function of trophoblast, suggesting PLAC1 may play a role in the development of preeclampsia.