Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Volume 33, Issue 1, Pages 163-176Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00797-5
Keywords
Kidney; T1 relaxation; T2 relaxation; MRI; Biomarkers; Standardization; Consensus
Funding
- COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [CA 16103]
- Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking [115974]
- NIH NIDDK individual fellowship [1F32DK109591]
- Medical Research Council [MR/R02264X/1]
- University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
- NIDDK [R01 DK093793, R01 DK106557]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [KLI 736-B30]
- cardiovascular imaging group (CVIG), Leiden, The Netherlands
- MRC [MR/R02264X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MR/R02264X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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To develop technical recommendations on the acquisition and post-processing of renal longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation time mapping. A multidisciplinary panel consisting of 18 experts in the field of renal T1 and T2 mapping participated in a consensus project, which was initiated by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology Action PARENCHIMA CA16103. Consensus recommendations were formulated using a two-step modified Delphi method. The first survey consisted of 56 items on T1 mapping, of which 4 reached the pre-defined consensus threshold of 75% or higher. The second survey was expanded to include both T1 and T2 mapping, and consisted of 54 items of which 32 reached consensus. Recommendations based were formulated on hardware, patient preparation, acquisition, analysis and reporting. Consensus-based technical recommendations for renal T1 and T2 mapping were formulated. However, there was considerable lack of consensus for renal T1 and particularly renal T2 mapping, to some extent surprising considering the long history of relaxometry in MRI, highlighting key knowledge gaps that require further work. This paper should be regarded as a first step in a long-term evidence-based iterative process towards ever increasing harmonization of scan protocols across sites, to ultimately facilitate clinical implementation.
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