Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 32, Issue 3, Pages 280-285Publisher
AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC
DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.19010002
Keywords
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Funding
- University of Texas Southwestern Alzheimer's Disease Center (NIH) [P30 AG12300]
- Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium
- National Institute on Aging (NIA) [U01 AG016976]
- NIA [P50 AG047366, P30 AG010129, P50 AG016573, P50 AG005131, P50 AG023501, P30 AG035982, P30 AG028383, P30 AG053760, P30 AG010124, P50 AG005133, P50 AG005142, P30 AG012300, P30 AG049638, P50 AG005136, P50 AG033514, P50 AG005681, P50 AG047270]
- [P30 AG019610]
- [P30 AG013846]
- [P50 AG008702]
- [P50 AG025688]
- [P50 AG047266]
- [P30 AG010133]
- [P50 AG005146]
- [P50 AG005134]
- [P50 AG016574]
- [P50 AG005138]
- [P30 AG008051]
- [P30 AG013854]
- [P30 AG008017]
- [P30 AG010161]
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Objective: This study examined whether a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with age at onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in three racial-ethnic groups. Methods: Data from 7,577 non-Hispanic Caucasian, 792 African American, and 870 Hispanic participants with clinically diagnosed AD were obtained from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Participants were categorized by the presence or absence of self-reported remote history of TBI (>1 year before diagnosis of AD) with loss of consciousness (LOC) (TBI+) or no history of TBI with LOC (TBI-). Any group differences in education; sex; APOE epsilon 4 alleles; family history of dementia; or history of depression, stroke, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes were included in analyses of covariance comparing clinicianestimated age at AD symptom onset for the TBI+ and TBI- groups. Results: AD onset occurred 2.3 years earlier for non-Hispanic Caucasians (F=30.49, df=1, 7,572, p,0.001) and 3.4 years earlier for African Americans (F=5.17, df=1, 772, p=0.023) in the TBI+ group. In the Hispanic cohort, females in the TBI+ group had AD onset 5.6 years earlier, compared with females in the TBI- group (F=6.96, df=1, 865, p=0.008); little difference in age at AD onset was observed for Hispanic males with and without a TBI history. Conclusions: A history of TBI with LOC was associated with AD onset 2-3 years earlier in non-Hispanic Caucasians and African Americans and an onset nearly 6 years earlier in Hispanic females; no associationwas observed inHispanicmales. Further work in underserved populations is needed to understand possible underlying mechanisms for these differences.
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