Journal
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 24, Issue 1, Pages 26-32Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.11.036
Keywords
Antisense oligonucleotides; GalNAc; Asialoglycoprotein receptors; Bio-labile linker; Bridged nucleic acid; Locked nucleic acid; Apolipoproteins; Hypercholesterolemia
Funding
- Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare [H26-kanjitu-kanen-wakate-008, H26-iryougijutsu-ippan-003, H23-seisakutansaku-ippan-004]
- Japan Heart Foundation
- Astellas/Pfizer
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The targeting of abundant hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR) with trivalent N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) is a reliable strategy for efficiently delivering antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to the liver. We here experimentally demonstrate the high systemic potential of the synthetically-accessible, phosphodiester-linked monovalent GalNAc unit when tethered to the 50-terminus of well-characterised 2',4'-bridged nucleic acid (also known as locked nucleic acid)-modified apolipoprotein B-targeting ASO via a bio-labile linker. Quantitative analysis of the hepatic disposition of the ASOs revealed that phosphodiester is preferable to phosphorothioate as an interunit linkage in terms of ASGPR binding of the GalNAc moiety, as well as the subcellular behavior of the ASO. The flexibility of this monomeric unit was demonstrated by attaching up to 5 GalNAc units in a serial manner and showing that knockdown activity improves as the number of GalNAc units increases. Our study suggests the structural requirements for efficient hepatocellular targeting using monovalent GalNAc and could contribute to a new molecular design for suitably modifying ASO. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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