Journal
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
Volume 314, Issue -, Pages 116-124Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.009
Keywords
Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Polymer-drug conjugate; Antibiotic; Nanoparticles; Zebrafish; Isoniazid; Clofazimine
Funding
- Wellcome Trust [107032/Z/15/Z, 10/H0305/55]
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Award
- MRC AMR Theme award [MR/N02995X/1]
- [IF CFZEBRA 751977]
- Wellcome Trust [107032/Z/15/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- MRC [MR/M004864/1, MR/N02995X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a major challenge to global health, made worse by the spread of multi-drug resistance. Currently, the efficacy and safety of treatment is limited by difficulties in achieving and sustaining adequate tissue antibiotic concentrations while limiting systemic drug exposure to tolerable levels. Here we show that nanoparticles generated from a polymer-antibiotic conjugate (`nanobiotics') deliver sustained release of active drug upon hydrolysis in acidic environments, found within Mtb-infected macrophages and granulomas, and can, by encapsulation of a second antibiotic, provide a mechanism of synchronous drug delivery. Nanobiotics are avidly taken up by infected macrophages, enhance killing of intracellular Mtb, and are efficiently delivered to granulomas and extracellular mycobacterial cords in vivo in an infected zebrafish model. We demonstrate that isoniazid (INH)-derived nanobiotics, alone or with additional encapsulation of clofazimine (CFZ), enhance killing of mycobacteria in vitro and in infected zebrafish, supporting the use of nanobiotics for Mtb therapy and indicating that nanoparticles generated from polymer-small molecule conjugates might provide a more general solution to delivering co-ordinated combination chemotherapy.
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