Do all elements of green intellectual capital contribute toward business sustainability? Evidence from the Malaysian context using the Partial Least Squares method

Few articles have focused on the green aspect of intellectual capital namely green intellectual capital. Nowadays, due to increasing concerns regarding environmental issues, it is essential to investigate the effects of green intellectual capital on organisational sustainability. Hence, this study examines the linkage between the dimensions of green intellectual capital (green human capital, green structural capital, and green relational capital) and business sustainability. Data were gathered from 168 manufacturing small medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia, and analysed using the Partial Least Squares approach. The results show that green structural capital and green relational capital have positive relationship with business sustainability, while green human capital did not. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed and the recommendations for future studies presented. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.