Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 67, Issue 44, Pages 12191-12198Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04073
Keywords
fermented black garlic; metabolomics; Amadori compounds; zebrafish model; HUVEC cells; cardiovascular diseases
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1707300]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81602982]
- Industrial Promotion Project of Agricultural Science and Technology Park in Shandong Province [2017YQ001]
- Taishan Scholar Project from Shandong Province
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Fermented black garlic has multiple beneficial biological activities, including cardiovascular protection, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and antibacterial properties. In this study, metabolic differences in the properties of black and fresh garlic were investigated via liquid chromatography quadrupole/time-of-flight-based metabolomics, leading to the identification of characteristic components. Fermented black garlic samples and their Amadori products (AC) promoted angiogenesis, prevented thrombus formation by rescuing chemical-induced vascular lesions in zebrafish, and inhibited H2O2-induced injury of endothelial O(c)ells, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. AC suppressed activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway through inhibition of p38 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, in turn, increasing the availability of c-Fos/c-Jun or c-Jun/c-Jun complexes for apoptotic resistance. Clarification of the associated signaling pathways should therefore provide a solid foundation for optimization of black garlic-based therapies.
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