Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
Volume 15, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2019-0252
Keywords
wheat flour; heating; volatile compounds; flavor; GC-MS
Categories
Funding
- Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province [20170520317]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0401203]
- Young Star Project Support Plan of Science and Technology in Dalian [2017RQ131]
- National Natural Science Foundation [31871760]
- Basic research fund of Education Department of Liaoning Province [2016J020]
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Volatile profiling was carried out during heating through vacuum-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to better understand the flavor forming mechanism of flour products. Ninety-two volatile compounds were detected and identified, including aldehydes (25), ketones (15), alcohols (9), nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds (6), benzene derivatives (15), furans (10), and acids and esters (12). The formation temperature of each volatile was also determined. Results showed that temperature played an important role in the formation and content of volatile compounds. In the low-temperature range (60 degrees C-100 degrees C), the flavor composition of flour was mainly composed of C6-C10 volatile aldehydes and alcohols. At temperatures exceeding 100 degrees C, especially at 120 degrees C, many long carbon chain aldehydes and alcohols, furans, acids, esters, nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds were formed. The formation rate of most identified volatile compounds increased during heating, especially from 90 degrees C to 130 degrees C.
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