4.7 Article

Deep Reinforcement Learning-Enabled Secure Visible Light Communication Against Eavesdropping

Journal

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 67, Issue 10, Pages 6994-7005

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TCOMM.2019.2930247

Keywords

Eavesdropping; visible light communication; secrecy rate; beamforming; deep reinforcement learning

Funding

  1. Natural Science Foundation of China [61671396, 61871339, 61731012, 61831002]
  2. Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China [2019J05001, 2019J01843]
  3. Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University [2018D08]
  4. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [20720190029]
  5. Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2015A030312006]
  6. US National Science Foundation [EARS-1444009, CNS-1824518]
  7. State Major Science and Technology Special Project [2017ZX03001025-006]

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The inherent broadcast characteristics of the visible light communication (VLC) channel makes VLC downlinks susceptible to unauthorized terminals in many actual VLC scenarios, such as offices and shopping centers. This paper considers a multiple-input-single-output (MISO) VLC scenario with multiple light fixtures acting as the transmitter, a VLC receiver as the legitimate user, and an eavesdropper attempting to intercept the undisclosed information. To improve the confidentiality of VLC links, a physical-layer anti-eavesdropping framework is proposed to obscure the unauthorized eavesdroppers and diminishes their capability of inferring the information through smart beamforming over the MISO VLC wiretap channel. To cope with the intractable problem of finding the theoretically optimal solution of the secrecy rate and utility for the MISO VLC wiretapping channel, a reinforcement learning (RL)-based VLC beamforming control scheme is proposed to achieve the optimal beamforming policy against the eavesdropper. Furthermore, a deep RL-based VLC beamforming control scheme is proposed to handle the curse of dimensionality for both observation space and action space and avoid the quantization error of the RL-based algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed learning-based VLC beamforming control schemes can significantly decrease the bit error rate of the legitimate receiver and increase the secrecy rate and utility of the anti-eavesdropping MISO VLC system, compared with the benchmark strategy.

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