Glycan structures and their recognition roles in the human blood group ABH/Ii, Lea, b, x, y and Sialyl Lea,x active cyst glycoproteins

Human ovarian cyst glycoproteins (HOC, cyst gps) isolated from pseudomucinous type of human ovarian cyst fluids is one of the richest and pioneer sources for studying biosynthesis, structures and functional roles of blood group ABH, Le(a,b,x,y), sLe(a) and sLe(x) active glycoproteins. After 70(+) years of exploration, four top highlights are shared. (i) an updated concept of glycotopes and their internal structures in cyst gps was composited; (ii) the unknown codes of new genes in secreted cyst gps were unlocked as Le(x) and Le(y); (iii) recognition profiles of cyst glycans and a sialic acid-rich (18%) glycan with lectins and antibodies were shown. (iv) Co-expression of Blood Group A/ A-Le(b/y) and B/B-Le(b/y) active Glycotopes in the same glycan chains were isolated and illustrated. These are the most advanced achievements since 1980.