Journal
FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 311, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125871
Keywords
Neonicotinoid insecticides; Metabolites; Isotope-labeled internal standard method; Matrix effects
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0200201]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31772175, 31621064]
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Neonicotinoid insecticides (NIs) are widely used. However they produce high levels of residues and are toxic to non-target organisms, especially when their metabolites exhibit comparable or elevated toxicities. In this study, we established a multi-residue analytical method for analyzing 20 compounds - 8 NIs and their 11 major toxic metabolites. QuEChERS pretreatment and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to detect residues in fruits, vegetables and cereals. Determination time was shortened to 6 min. Average recoveries of all compounds were in the range of 90.1-105.5%, with relative standard deviations lower than 15.0% and the limit of quantization being 10 mu g kg(-1). For the first time, 8 NIs and 11 major toxic metabolites were grouped simultaneously, such that the matrix effect of analyzes was satisfactorily corrected using their own isotopically labeled molecules; other NIs and metabolites in the same group were also corrected. This is the first report that simultaneously quantified multiple metabolites of eight NIs in multiple matrices.
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