Journal
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 366, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz214
Keywords
Soil microorganisms; Protista; chemical activity; PAH; toxicity; bioavailability
Categories
Funding
- EU [213161]
- Center for Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology (CREAM) - Villum Foundation
- University of Copenhagen via the emerging elite research area 'Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology'
- CEFIC Long-range Research Initiative [CEFIC-LRI ECO30-ARC]
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This study linked growth inhibition of soil bacteria and protists to the chemical activity (a) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and compared the sensitivities of bacteria and protists. Passive dosing from pre-loaded silicone provided well-defined and constant a of PAHs in independent tests. Single-species growth inhibition with two bacterial (Pseuodomonas fluorescens DR54 and Sinorhizobium meliloti) and two protist (Cercomonas longicauda and Acanthamoeba castellanii) strains at maximum a (a(max)) of nine and four PAHs, respectively, showed no inhibition of PAHs with a(max) below 0.1 (pyrene and anthracene), while growth inhibition was observed for PAHs with a(max) above 0.1 (e.g. fluorene, fluoranthene and naphthalene). The bacteria were less sensitive than the protists. Soil bacterial community-level growth inhibition by naphthalene was in good agreement with single-species data, but also indicated the presence of sensitive bacteria that were inhibited by a below 0.05 and increasing pre-exposure time giving higher inhibition. The a of 50% inhibition (Ea(50)) was 0.434 and 0.329 for 0.5 and 4 h pre-exposure time, respectively. Invertebrates tended to be more sensitive than single-celled organisms tested here. This suggests that PAH exposure leads to differential toxicity in soil biota, which may affect soil food web structure and cycling of organic matter.
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