Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
Volume 18, Issue 10, Pages 1029-1041Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1675518
Keywords
HIV vaccines; T cells; conserved regions; clinical trials; HIVconsv; simian adenovirus; MVA; prime-boost; HIV cure
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Funding
- Medical Research Council (MRC) UK under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreements [G0502048, G0701669, G1001757/1, MR/N023668/1, MR/J008605/1, MR/L00528X/1]
- UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreements [G0502048, G0701669, G1001757/1, MR/N023668/1, MR/J008605/1, MR/L00528X/1]
- European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership [SP.2011.41304.002, SRIA2015-1066]
- European Commission [305632]
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
- HIVACAT Catalan Research Program for HIV Vaccines
- MRC [MR/N023668/1, MR/J008605/1, G0701669, MR/L00528X/1, G1001757, G0502048] Funding Source: UKRI
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Introduction: Despite life-saving antiretroviral drugs, an effective HIV-1 vaccine is the best solution and likely a necessary component of any strategy for halting the AIDS epidemic. The currently prevailing aim is to pursue antibody-mediated vaccine protection. With ample evidence for the ability of T cells to control HIV-1 replication, their protective potential should be also harnessed by vaccination. The challenge is to elicit not just any, but protective T cells. Areas covered: This article reviews the clinical experience with the first-generation conserved-region immunogen HIVconsv delivered by combinations of plasmid DNA, simian adenovirus, and poxvirus MVA. The aim of our strategy is to induce strong and broad T cells targeting functionally important parts of HIV-1 proteins common to global variants. These vaccines were tested in eight phase 1/2 preventive and therapeutic clinical trials in Europe and Africa, and induced high frequencies of broadly specific CD8(+) T cells capable of in vitro inhibition of four major HIV-1 clades A, B, C and D, and in combination with latency-reactivating agent provided a signal of drug-free virological control in early treated patients. Expert opinion: A number of critical T-cell traits have to come together at the same time to achieve control over HIV-1.
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