Prebiotic supplementation modulates advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE), and cardiometabolic risk factors through improving metabolic endotoxemia: a randomized-controlled clinical trial

Purpose The oxidative stress plays a key role in the initiation, propagation, and development of the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This trial aimed to evaluate the effects of resistant dextrin as a prebiotic on the cardiometabolic risk factors and the status of oxidative stress in patients with T2DM. Methods Sixty-five female subjects with T2DM were assigned to either the intervention (n = 33) or control (n = 32) groups receiving 10 g/day of resistant dextrin or placebo, respectively, for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and post-intervention to determine the serum levels of glycemic indices, lipid profile, atherogenic indices, and soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE), carboxymethyl lysine (CML), pentosidine, malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 alpha (8-iso-PGF2 alpha), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), antioxidant enzymes activity, and uric acid. Data were analyzed using SPSS software 17. Paired, unpaired Student'sttests, and analysis of covariance were used to compare the quantitative variables. Results Resistant dextrin caused a significant decrease in FPG (- 17.43 mg/dl, 9.80%), TG (- 40.25 mg/dl, 23.01%), TC/HDL (- 0.80, 21.87%), LDL-c/HDL-c (- 0.80, 17.85%), Atherogenic index (- 0.40, 15.80%), LPS (- 6.5 EU/ml, 23.40%) and hs-CRP (- 8.02 ng/ml, 54.00%), MDA (- 1.21 nmol/mL, 25.58%), CML (- 93.40 ng/ml, 26.30%), 8-iso-PGF2 alpha (- 4.65 pg/ml, 15.00%), and a significant increase in TAC (0.33 mmol/L, 36.25%) and s-RAGE (2.10 ng/ml, 28.90%) in the intervention group compared with the control group. No significant changes were observed in glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, pentosidine, and uric acid in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusions Supplementation with resistant dextrin may improve the advanced glycation end-products, sRAGE, and cardiometabolic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.