Journal
BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Volume 22, Issue 9, Pages 1636-1645Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.06.012
Keywords
Umbilical cord blood; Leukemia; Infection
Categories
Funding
- National Cancer Institute, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [5U24-CA076518]
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- NCI [5U10HL069294]
- Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA/DHHS) [HHSH250201200016C]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0039, N00014-14-1-0028]
- Alexion
- Amgen, Inc.
- NHLBI
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Alternative graft sources (umbilical cord blood [UCB], matched unrelated donors [MUD], or mismatched unrelated donors [MMUD]) enable patients without a matched sibling donor to receive potentially curative hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Retrospective studies demonstrate comparable outcomes among different graft sources. However, the risk and types of infections have not been compared among graft sources. Such information may influence the choice of a particular graft source. We compared the incidence of bacterial, viral, and fungal infections in 1781 adults with acute leukemia who received alternative donor HCT (UCB, n = 568; MUD, n = 930; MMUD, n = 283) between 2008 and 2011. The incidences of bacterial infection at 1 year were 72%, 59%, and 65% (P < .0001) for UCB, MUD, and MMUD, respectively. Incidences of viral infection at 1 year were 68%, 45%, and 53% (P < .0001) for UCB, MUD, and MMUD, respectively. In multivariable analysis, bacterial, fungal, and viral infections were more common after either UCB or MMUD than after MUD (P < .0001). Bacterial and viral but not fungal infections were more common after UCB than MMUD (P = .0009 and < .0001, respectively). The presence of viral infection was not associated with an increased mortality. Overall survival (OS) was comparable among UCB and MMUD patients with Karnofsky performance status (KPS) >= 90% but was inferior for UCB for patients with KPS < 90%. Bacterial and fungal infections were associated with poorer OS. Future strategies focusing on infection prevention and treatment are indicated to improve HCT outcomes. (C) 2016 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.
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