Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 181, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108803
Keywords
Spent lithium-ion batteries; Reductive leaching; Ethanol; Leaching kinetics; Recycling
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB0305401]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N172505002]
- NSFC [51704060]
- National Thousand Youth Talent Program of China
- 111 Project [B16009]
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A reducing agent can reduce Co3+ to Co2+ in LiCoO2, thus increasing the leaching efficiency and extraction rate of Co-based cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, ethanol was employed as the reducing agent to leach LiCoO2 obtained from LIBs in a sulfuric acid solution. The effects of operating temperatures (50-90 degrees C), dosage of ethanol (0-20 vol%), concentration of sulfuric acid (2-6 mol/L), and solid/liquid ratio (10-40 g/L) on the leaching efficiency of LiCoO2 were investigated. By adding 5 vol% ethanol in a 6 mol/L sulfuric acid solution at 90 degrees C, the extraction efficiency of Co and Li are both over 99%, meaning that ethanol can reduce Co3+ to Co2+ while the ethanol was oxidized to acetic acid. The dissolution of LiCoO2 obeys the residue layer diffusion control model. Although ethanol is a promising reducing agent, future efforts should pay to the management of the secondary wastewater. Overall, the ethanol can be used as a reducing agent to assist the leaching of cathode materials from spent LIBs.
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