Journal
ENERGIES
Volume 12, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en12224373
Keywords
microbubbles; millibubbles; OH radicals; ozonation; pharmaceutical compounds
Categories
Funding
- Korea Ministry of Environment as Global Top Project ((Project (R&D Center for Advanced Technology of wastewater Treatment and Reuse)) [2016002210002]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This study systematically investigated the feasibility of the microbubble ozonation process to degrade the 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol, ibuprofen, and atenolol through the comparison with the millibubble ozonation process for elucidating the degradation behavior and mechanisms during the microbubble ozonation processes. The proportions of small microbubbles (diameter 1-25 mu m) were increased with increasing the cavity pump frequency (40 Hz: 51.4%; 50 Hz: 57.5%; 60 Hz: 59.9%). The increased concentrations of O-3 and OH radicals due to the higher specific area of O-3 microbubbles compared to O-3 millibubbles could facilitate their mass transfer at the gas-water interface. Furthermore, the elevated reactivity of O-3 by increasing the temperature might improve the degradation of the pharmaceutical compounds, which was more pronounced for the microbubble ozonated waters than the millibubble ozonated waters. Although the degradation efficiency of the pharmaceutical compounds during the microbubble ozonation processes was significantly influenced by the existence of humic acids compared to the millibubble ozonation process, the increased solubilization rate of O-3 and OH radicals by collapsing O-3 microbubbles enhanced the degradation of the pharmaceutical compounds. Overall, these results clearly showed that the microbubble ozonation process could be an alternative option to conventional ozonation processes for the abatement of the pharmaceutical compounds.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available