Journal
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
Volume 79, Issue 12, Pages 997-1005Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.021
Keywords
Antipsychotics; Cannabinoid; CB1R; OMAR; Schizophrenia; Smoking
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Mental Health [R21MH094961, R01MH096876, R25MH071584]
- National Institute on Drug Abuse [21DA030702-01A1]
- Department of Veterans Affairs
- Yale Center for Clinical Investigation
- APIRE/Janssen Pharmaceutical Resident Psychiatric Research Scholar
- Eli Lilly Inc.
- Astra Zeneca
- Abbott Laboratories
- Forest Laboratories
- Organon
- Pfizer Inc.
- Sanofi
- UCB Biopharma SPRL
- Abbvie
- Aptuit
- Astellas Pharma
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Taisho Pharmaceuticals
- Theravance Inc.
- UCB Pharma SA
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BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence suggest the presence of abnormalities in the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, there are limited in vivo measures of the eCB system in SCZ. METHODS: Twenty five male SCZ subjects (SCZs) (18 antipsychotic treated and 7 antipsychotic free) were compared with 18 age-matched male healthy control subjects (HCs). Subjects underwent one positron emission tomography scan each with the cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) selective radiotracer [C-11] OMAR on the high resolution research tomography scanner. Regional volume of distribution (V-T) values were determined using kinetic modeling of positron emission tomography data as a measure of CB1R availability. Group differences in mean composite [C-11] OMAR V-T values were compared between SCZs and HCs. Exploratory comparisons of CB1R availability within 15 brain regions were also conducted. All analyses were covaried for age and body mass index. RESULTS: SCZs showed significantly (p 5.02) lower composite [C-11] OMAR V-T relative to HCs (similar to 12% difference, effect size d 5.73). [C-11] OMAR V-T was significantly (all ps < .05) lower in SCZs in the amygdala, caudate, posterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and insula. Composite [11] OMAR V-T was HCs > antipsychotic treated SZCs. antipsychotic free SZCs. Furthermore, composite [C-11] OMAR V-T was greater in HCs than SCZ smokers (n 5 11) and SCZ nonsmokers (n = 14). CONCLUSIONS: CB1R availability is lower in male SCZ subjects compared with HCs. Furthermore, antipsychotics and tobacco use may increase CB1R availability in this population. The findings of the study provide further evidence supporting the hypothesis that alterations in the eCB system might contribute to the pathophysiology of SCZ.
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