Synthesis and coating methods of biocompatible iron oxide/gold nanoparticle and nanocomposite for biomedical applications

This detailed review presents an overview of current research on the synthesis, surface modification, and applications of Iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and iron oxide/gold (Fe3O4/Au) nanocomposites. The different synthesis techniques of Fe3O4 with various basic organic and inorganic modifications are presented. The applicability and role of inorganic and organic coating on iron oxide/gold core/shell schemes were explored. The trade-off between choices for surface functionalization related to specific applications such as imaging contrast agent, drug delivery carrier and therapeutic device using iron oxide/gold core/shell was also elaborated. The versatility of combining iron oxide/ and gold as nanocomposite as the choice for biomedical application is demonstrated in MRI, CT scan, drug delivery, biosensors, and hyperthermia application.