Journal
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
Volume 26, Issue 15, Pages 3326-3334Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904563
Keywords
carbon; electrochemistry; microporous materials; nanostructures; supercapacitors
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC-21673203, 21671170, 21673203, 21201010, 51873178, 51503179]
- Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (TAPP)
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents of the University in China [NCET-13-0645]
- Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province [164200510018]
- Six Talent Plan [2015-XCL-030]
- Qinglan Project
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Carbon nanofiber (CNF)-based supercapacitors have promising applications in the field of energy storage. It is desirable, but remains challenging, to develop CNF electrode materials with large specific surface area (SSA), high specific capacitance (SC), and high power density, as well as excellent cycling stability and high reliability. Herein, acrylonitrile-acrylic acid copolymer P(AN-co-AA) was synthesized for the preparation of nitrogen-doped microporous CNFs. Thermal degradation of the AA segment leads to the formation of micropores that are distributed not only on the CNF surface, but also inside the material. The microporous structure and nitrogen content can be manipulated at the molecular level by adjusting the weight ratio between AN and AA, and the SSA and SC could reach as high as 1099 m(2) g(-1) and 156 F g(-1), respectively. After KOH activation, the activated CNFs have an extremely high SSA of 2117 m(2) g(-1) and SC of 320 F g(-1), which are among the highest values ever reported for electric double-layer supercapacitors with an alkaline electrolyte. Furthermore, the capacitance retention, which can be maintained at 99 % even after 16 000 cyclic tests, reveals outstanding durability and repeatability.
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