Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 373, Issue -, Pages 687-699Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.05.088
Keywords
Photocatalysis; Carbon nitride; Defect; Hydrogen evolution; Active-site
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21673080, 21676060]
- Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City [201804010112, 201704020005]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M633053]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [2018MS37]
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The deficient carbon nitride (g-C3N4) displays not only an improved visible light absorption, but also an enhanced photocurrent and restricted electron-hole pair recombination. In this work, nitric acid was used to engineer the defects in g-C3N4, which simultaneously possessed fibrous and layered structures. The modified g-C3N4 (CNx) was utilized as photocatalyst for the effective photocatalytic H-2 evolution. As high as 1160 mu mol/h/g H-2 production rate (lambda > 400 nm) was achieved over CN3, 19 times higher than that of pristine g-C3N4 (CN0, 60 mu mol/h/g). The apparent quantum efficiencies (AQE) of CN3 at 405 and 420 nm were 7.83% and 7.67%, respectively. The mechanism study showed that the surface functionality and the N defects impacted the catalytic efficiency significantly. The O=C, -NHx species and N defects at N-2C site acted as the active sites for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, while the -OH group displayed the negative effect in this process. To the best of our knowledge, the active-site structure diagram of the nitrogen-defected CNx for photocatalysis was shown systematically. Additionally, this nitrogen-defected CNx demonstrated a high stability for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
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