Journal
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Volume 373, Issue -, Pages 1012-1019Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.05.039
Keywords
Spiro-(1,1 ')-bipyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide; Green synthesis; High-voltage; Ultra-low temperature; Supercapacitor
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51603147]
- Tianjin application foundation and advanced technology research plan project [15ZCZDGX00270, 14RCHZGX00859]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M621079]
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A novel electrolyte salt spiro-(1,1')-bipyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (SBP-FSI) is successfully synthesized via one-step method in aqueous solvent. We systematically investigate, for the first time, physic-chemical properties and electrochemical stability of the new electrolyte. Compared with commercial electrolyte, the new electrolyte system possesses higher conductivity and lower viscosity, especially at ultra-low temperature. Moreover, SBP-FSI incorporates with propylene carbonate (PC) for supercapacitors which exhibits excellent electrochemical capacitance, rate performance and cyclic stability under 2.7 V at -40 degrees C. Interestingly, commercial electrolytes appear 'electrolyte starvation' at high voltages due to a large amount of precipitation at -40 degrees C, while SBP-FSI/PC is not affected. Surprisingly, SBP-FSI/PC obtains a working voltage of 3.2 V to effectively compensate for the loss of ion mobility in low temperature, greatly improving the energy density and power density of supercapacitors. This work emphasizes that SBP-FSI is a promising high-voltage electrolyte for ultra-low temperature applications of supercapacitors.
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