Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 46, Issue 6, Pages 7459-7474Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.11.244
Keywords
Zinc oxide nanowires; Carbon fiber; Hydrothermal synthesis; Photocatalysis; Central composite design; Response surface methodology
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In this work, effects of hydrothermal (HT) synthesis method parameters, temperature, concentration and growth time, on the formation of zinc oxide nanowire structures on carbon fibers (ZnO NWs/CFs) were evaluated. Morphological, structural, photocatalytic properties were determined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. In addition, response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were applied to optimize the hydrothermal synthesis parameters. The results pointed out that, the change in hydrothermal solution concentration (from 3.2 to 37 mM ZnNO(3 center dot)6H(2)O) and process time (from 2.6 to 9.2 h) lead to the increase in thickness and decrease in aspect ratio of zinc oxide nanowires. Whereas, the temperature increases from 80 to 130 degrees C had a minute effect on the structure. ZnO nanowires with zincite structure were obtained for all processing conditions. Finally, photocatalytic activity of ZnO NWs/CFs on the degradation of aqueous methylene blue solution (MB) were recorded comparatively. ZnO NWs/CFs structure exhibited photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue (MB). The most effective structure was obtained at 120 degrees C, 30 mM Zn(NO3)(2 center dot)6H(2)O and 4 h HT synthesis parameters.
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