Journal
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
Volume 224, Issue 9, Pages 3263-3276Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01966-x
Keywords
RRP; Reserve; Supply-rate depression; Presynaptic; Tomography
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Funding
- US National Institute of Health [NIHGM103412]
- Union Temporal de Empresas (UTE) project at the Centro de Investigacion Medica Aplicada of the Universidad de Navarra
- Spanish Ministry of Science [BFU2009-12160, SAF2013-48983R, BFU2016-80918R]
- Salvador de Madariaga Visiting Scholarship award
- Spanish Jeronimo de Ayanz program
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Most vesicles in the interior of synaptic terminals are clustered in clouds close to active zone regions of the plasma membrane where exocytosis occurs. Electron-dense structures, termed bridges, have been reported between a small minority of pairs of neighboring vesicles within the clouds. Synapsin proteins have been implicated previously, but the existence of the bridges as stable structures in vivo has been questioned. Here we use electron tomography to show that the bridges are present but less frequent in synapsin knockouts compared to wildtype. An analysis of distances between neighbors in wildtype tomograms indicated that the bridges are strong enough to resist centrifugal forces likely induced by fixation with aldehydes. The results confirm that the bridges are stable structures and that synapsin proteins are involved in formation or stabilization.
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