Journal
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
Volume 492, Issue -, Pages 143-149Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.06.203
Keywords
Liquid metal; Surface oxidation; Amorphous oxide layer; Structural characterization; Electron beam irradiation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1832203, U1532115, 51671170, 51671169]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0701203, 2016YFB0700201, 2017YFA0403400]
- NSF of Zhejiang Province [Z1110196, Y4110192, LY15E010003]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019TQ0279]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division within the KC22ZH program [DE-AC02-05-CH11231]
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Surface oxidation, as one of fundamental chemical reactions in metals, greatly affects their properties. Herein, we develop a new quaternary GaInSnZn liquid metal with the melting temperature of 9.7 degrees C, which is the lowest among all reported Ga-based liquid metals. With high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, we directly observed the oxide layer formed on the surface of the liquid metal. The initially formed oxide layer is revealed to be amorphous and very sensitive to electron beam. Prolonged irradiation results in its structural change from amorphous to crystalline phases. The present finding refreshes the basic understanding of surface oxidization of liquid metals and opens up the possibility of tuning surface structures and morphologies by using electron beam irradiation.
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