Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 59, Issue 24, Pages 9288-9292Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910187
Keywords
aggregation-induced emission; intracellular bacteria; light-up probes; metabolic labeling; photodynamic ablation
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Funding
- Singapore National Research Foundation [R279-000-444-281, R279-000-483-281]
- National University of Singapore [R279-000-482-133]
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Protected by the host cells, the hidden intracellular bacteria are typically difficult to kill by common antibiotics and cannot be visualized without complex cellular pretreatments. Herein, we successfully developed a bacteria-metabolizable dual-functional probe TPEPy-d-Ala, which is based on d-alanine and a photosensitizer with aggregation-induced emission for fluorescence turn-on imaging of intracellular bacteria in living host cells and photodynamic ablation in situ. Once metabolically incorporated into bacterial peptidoglycan, the intramolecular motions of TPEPy-d-Ala are inhibited, leading to an enhanced fluorescent signal, which allows the clear visualization of the intracellular bacteria. Moreover, TPEPy-d-Ala can effectively ablate the labeled intracellular bacteria in situ owing to covalent ligation to peptidoglycan, yielding a low intracellular minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 20 +/- 0.5 mu g mL(-1), much more efficient than that of a commonly used antibiotic, vancomycin.
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