Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 31, Issue 48, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903868
Keywords
charge extraction; low voltage losses; organic photovoltaics; recombination; solid-state NMR
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Funding
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [795091] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Funding Source: Medline
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-14-1-0580] Funding Source: Medline
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Funding Source: Medline
- Department of the Navy Funding Source: Medline
- Marie Skłodowska-Curie [795091] Funding Source: Medline
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The highly efficient single-junction bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) PM6:Y6 system can achieve high open-circuit voltages (V-OC) while maintaining exceptional fill-factor (FF) and short-circuit current (J(SC)) values. With a low energetic offset, the blend system is found to exhibit radiative and non-radiative recombination losses that are among the lower reported values in the literature. Recombination and extraction dynamic studies reveal that the device shows moderate non-geminate recombination coupled with exceptional extraction throughout the relevant operating conditions. Several surface and bulk characterization techniques are employed to understand the phase separation, long-range ordering, as well as donor:acceptor (D:A) inter- and intramolecular interactions at an atomic-level resolution. This is achieved using photo-conductive atomic force microscopy, grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, and solid-state F-19 magic-angle-spinning NMR spectroscopy. The synergy of multifaceted characterization and device physics is used to uncover key insights, for the first time, on the structure-property relationships of this high-performing BHJ blend. Detailed information about atomically resolved D:A interactions and packing reveals that the high performance of over 15% efficiency in this blend can be correlated to a beneficial morphology that allows high J(SC) and FF to be retained despite the low energetic offset.
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