Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
Volume 1861, Issue 11, Pages 1746-1755Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.08.005
Keywords
DHA and EPA supplementation; Human obesity; Inflammation; Microarray; Pro-resolving mediators
Funding
- EU FP7 BIOCLAMS [244995]
- NCN [DEC-2011/02/A/NZ2/00022]
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The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may reduce low-grade inflammation associated with obesity. The relationship between therapeutic response to n-3 PUFAs and modification of the transcriptome in obesity or metabolic syndrome remains to be explored. Blood samples were obtained from women with obesity before and after three-months supplementation with a moderate dose of n-3 PUFAs (1.8 g EPA + DHA per day) or from controls. n-3 PUFAs (GC) and plasma concentrations of lipoxins, resolvins, protectin X (GC-MS/MS) and inflammatory markers (ELISA) were measured. Whole blood transcriptome was assayed using microarray. Women supplemented with n-3 PUFAs for 3 months had significantly higher levels of EPA and DHA in plasma phosphatidylcholine. n-3 PUFA supplementation, in contrast to placebo, significantly decreased the concentrations of several inflammatory markers (SELF, MCP-1, sVCAM-1, sPECAM-1, and hsCRP), fasting triglycerides and insulin and increased the concentrations of pro-resolving DHA derivatives in plasma. The microarray data demonstrated effects of n-3 PUFAs on PPAR-alpha, NRF2 and NF-kappa B target genes. N-3 PUFAs increased DHA-derived pro-resolving mediators in women with obesity. Elevated resolvins and up-regulation of the resolvin receptor occurred in parallel with activation of PPAR-alpha target genes related to lipid metabolism and of NRF2 up-regulated antioxidant enzymes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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