Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 50, Pages 46839-46850Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16589
Keywords
lithium-ion battery; fast charging; thermal runaway mechanism; lithium plating
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2016YFE0102200]
- National Key Technologies R&D Program of MoST of China [2018YFB0106102]
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Battery safety, at the foundation of fast charging, is critical to the application of lithium-ion batteries, especially for high energy density cells applied in electric vehicles. In this paper, an earlier thermal runaway of cells after fast charging application is illustrated. Under this condition, the reaction between the plated lithium and electrolyte is revealed to be the mechanism of thermal runaway triggering. The mechanism is proved by the accelerated rate calorimetry tests for partial cells, which determine the triggering reactions of thermal runaway in the anode-electrolyte thermodynamic system. The reactants in this system are analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance and differential scanning calorimetry, proving that the vigorous exothermic reaction is induced by the interaction between the plated lithium and electrolyte. As a result, the finding of thermal runaway triggered by the plated lithium on anode surface of cells after fast charging promotes the understanding of thermal runaway mechanisms, which warns of the danger of plated lithium in the utilization of lithium-ion batteries.
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