Journal
CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE
Volume 12, Issue 9, Pages 421-429Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCGEN.119.002314
Keywords
atherosclerosis; hypertension; metabolomics; microbiota; pharmacogenetics; pharmacokinetics; pharmacologic actions
Funding
- National Heart Lung Blood Institute Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award [K23HL143161]
- American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant [15SDG24890015]
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The gut microbiome is emerging as an important contributor to both cardiovascular disease risk and metabolism of xenobiotics. Alterations in the intestinal microbiota are associated with atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and heart failure. The microbiota have the ability to metabolize medications, which can results in altered drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics or formation of toxic metabolites which can interfere with drug response. Early evidence suggests that the gut microbiome modulates response to statins and antihypertensive medications. In this review, we will highlight mechanisms by which the gut microbiome facilitates the biotransformation of drugs and impacts pharmacological efficacy. A better understanding of the complex interactions of the gut microbiome, host factors, and response to medications will be important for the development of novel precision therapeutics for targeting CVD.
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