Journal
MICROORGANISMS
Volume 7, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100378
Keywords
Candida albicans; lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase; ERG11; ergosterol; Cdr1p; H+-ATPase
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Funding
- National Science Centre, Poland, NCN Grants [2016/23/B/NZ1/01928, 2017/25/N/NZ1/00050]
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Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans. Treatment of C. albicans infections relies on azoles, which target the lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase (Erg11p) encoded by the ERG11 gene. Our results show that targeted gene disruption of ERG11 can result in resistance to ergosterol-dependent drugs (azoles and amphotericin B), auxotrophy and aerobically viable erg11 Delta/Delta cells. Abnormal sterol deposition and lack of ergosterol in the erg11 Delta/Delta strain leads to reduced plasma membrane (PM) fluidity, as well as dysfunction of the vacuolar and mitochondrial membranes, resulting respectively in defects in vacuole fusion and a reduced intracellular ATP level. The altered PM structure of the erg11 Delta/Delta strain contributes to delocalisation of H+-ATPase and the Cdr1 efflux pump from the PM to vacuoles and, resulting in a decrease in PM potential (Delta psi) and increased sensitivity to ergosterol-independent xenobiotics. This new insight into intracellular processes under Erg11p inhibition may lead to a better understanding of the indirect effects of azoles on C. albicans cells and the development of new treatment strategies for resistant infections.
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