Journal
BIOMOLECULES
Volume 9, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom9100538
Keywords
biomarkers; serotransferrin; glycobiology; cholangiocarcinoma; periductal fibrosis; mass spectrometry; liver fluke
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Funding
- Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program
- Khon Kaen University Research Fund
- Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand [IN58246]
- Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission through the Center of Excellence in Specific Health Problems in Greater Mekong Sub-region cluster (SHeP-GMS), Khon Kaen Univ
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Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) caused by chronic liver fluke infection is a major public health problem in Northeast Thailand. Identification of CCA risk groups is urgently needed for the control of CCA in this region. Periductal fibrosis (PDF) induced by chronic inflammation of bile ducts is known as a pre-neoplastic lesion of CCA. We aimed to identify the serum CCA and PDF biomarkers using mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QqQ) with multiple reaction mode (MRM) analysis. Here, serum levels of serotransferrin glycoforms at the glycopeptide level were measured in the sera of CCA (n = 100), PDF (n = 50), and healthy control (n = 100) subjects. The results indicated that serotransferrin peptide levels were generally the same between the control and PDF groups, whereas CCA patients had reduced levels. Moreover, 56 serotransferrin glycoforms were detected, with nine increased in CCA compared to control subjects. Among them, the serum levels of four glycoforms were increased in PDF and CCA patients compared to control subjects. In particular, highly sialylated multi-branched glycans of serotransferrin serum were significantly correlated with poor prognosis and tumor stage in CCA patients. Taken together, these glycoforms could be used as risk biomarkers and prognosis and diagnosis markers of CCA.
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