Influence of Seed Origin on Morphological Characteristics and Phytochemicals Levels in Brassica oleracea var. acephala

Brassica oleracea var. acephala production and seed selection in the Mediterranean region is traditionally limited to private, family needs or small enterprises. In recent years it became popular, especially in the US, and known as a superfood due to the presence of specialized metabolites associated with health benefits, mainly from polyphenols, glucosinolates, and carotenoids groups. With the increasing popularity of this plant, there is a growing interest in its commercial production. Therefore, in the present work we aimed to study how seed origin influences the content of specialized metabolites in B. oleracea var. acephala. We grew plants from six different seed producers, in a hydroponic system under controlled conditions, and determined seed germination percentage, morphological characteristics, pigments, polyphenols, glucosinolates, and carotenoids content, as well as antioxidant activity. Seed origin influenced germination percentage, yield, and slightly morphological characteristic, but did not influence pigments, total polyphenols, phenolic acids, glucosinolates, and carotenoids content. However, content of flavonoids, ferulic, sinapinic, and, consequently, antioxidant activity was slightly different.