Journal
CELLS
Volume 8, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells8090986
Keywords
influenza; H3N2 virus; human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs); RNA sequencing; transcriptomics; epithelial responses; pathogenesis
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Funding
- National Medical Research Council, Singapore [NMRC/CIRG/1458/2016]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81870019]
- National Medical Research Council of Singapore [OFYIRG17nov065]
- ERS Short-Term Research Fellowship (STRF)
- BMRC [IAF 311006]
- BMRC transition funds [H16/99/b0/011]
- EAACI Research Fellowship 2019
- EAACI Research Fellowship 2017
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The human nasal epithelium is the primary site of exposure to influenza virus, the initiator of host responses to influenza and the resultant pathologies. Influenza virus may cause serious respiratory infection resulting in major complications, as well as severe impairment of the airways. Here, we elucidated the global transcriptomic changes during H3N2 infection of human nasal epithelial cells from multiple individuals. Using RNA sequencing, we characterized the differentially-expressed genes and pathways associated with changes occurring at the nasal epithelium following infection. We used in vitro differentiated human nasal epithelial cell culture model derived from seven different donors who had no concurrent history of viral infections. Statistical analysis highlighted strong transcriptomic signatures significantly associated with 24 and 48 h after infection, but not at the earlier 8-h time point. In particular, we found that the influenza infection induced in the nasal epithelium early and altered responses in interferon gamma signaling, B-cell signaling, apoptosis, necrosis, smooth muscle proliferation, and metabolic alterations. These molecular events initiated at the infected nasal epithelium may potentially adversely impact the airway, and thus the genes we identified could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for influenza infection and associated disease management.
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